The DPX virtual appliance ships with three virtual disks. This document describes how to add a new (fourth) virtual disk (hard disk) on your DPX virtual machine to expand the /catalogic mount point
Step By Step
The DPX virtual appliance ships with three virtual disks. This document describes how to add a new virtual disk (hard disk) on your DPX virtual machine. By default, when you deploy the DPX virtual appliance you have the option to only deploy all three virtual disks to one datastore that you specify at the time of deployment.
These instructions will guide you through adding a new disk within the virtual machine and to configure it as an LVM. You can then mount it as a new volume or attach this new disk to the existing /catalogic volume within the virtual appliance. For example, if you are adding the fourth disk, you will see a disk device called /dev/sdd within the virtual machine.
After you deploy the DPX virtual appliance, below are the lists of disks and partitions on the DPX virtual machine. /dev/mapper/dpx-dpxlv is the LVM disk for the /catalogic mount point.
In order to run the commands below, you need to SSH into the DPX appliance’s command prompt as the dpxadmin account. The default initial password is “DPXvStor” and you will be prompted to change the password at the first login.
Review the disk partitions using the fdisk -l command:
[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Disk /dev/sdc: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectorsReview the physical volumes and the volume groups on the DPX virtual appliance using the pvdisplay and vgdisplay commands respectively.
[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ sudo pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdc
VG Name dpx
PV Size 100.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 25599
Free PE 3839
Allocated PE 21760
PV UUID fTJW1j-uUzG-21S2-h44A-7J5f-zJTf-1zfP8U
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name centos
PV Size <49.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 12543
Free PE 1535
Allocated PE 11008
PV UUID J3Y03i-IFBK-5ror-0w0H-g9fq-y9md-7S7dnL[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ sudo vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name dpx
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 2
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <100.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 25599
Alloc PE / Size 21760 / 85.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 3839 / <15.00 GiB
VG UUID oKpInM-aG1w-rr8b-HyeA-cXMz-hUfQ-o2FDdh
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <49.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 12543
Alloc PE / Size 11008 / 43.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 1535 / <6.00 GiB
VG UUID OmBgrS-7YQa-xxmC-5c0u-xZNB-K9Sv-7YQFCKYou can see that the allocated PE for the dpx volume group is 85 GB and there is not much PE to allocate further.
Add a Disk to the VM
Edit the settings of the VM.
On the Hardware tab, click Add….
Select the option Create a new virtual disk.
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Select the required Disk Size. Then in the “Location” section either “Store with the virtual machine” or “Specfiy a datastore or datatore cluster".
Select Store with the virtual machine: to use the current datastore.
Or, select Specfiy a datastore or datatore cluster: and click Browse… to select the new datastore where you want your new virtual disk to reside.
Leave the default values in the “Advanced Options” tab.
Review and save your changes.
Click Edit settings for the virtual machine. You can see your new hard disk.
Reboot the Virtual Appliance or use
sudo partprobeto make the new disk accessible
You can now see the fourth disk: /dev/sdd.
Disk Expansion Procedure
This section will guide you through adding storage capacity from the new disk to an existing DPX volume. For users that are simply adding an additional volume to their appliance, this section does not need to be completed. First you need to setup the filesystem for the new disk, /dev/sdd to be LVM type.
Create new LVM Partition on added Disk
The commands set up a partition for /dev/sdd and set the partition to be of type Linux LVM. The output of fdisk in the end shows you the same.
[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdd Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Device does not contain a recognized partition table Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xdea82083. Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition g create a new empty GPT partition table G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended Select (default p): p Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048): ↩ Using default value 2048 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): ↩ Using default value 41943039 Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set Command (m for help): t Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM' Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.Review the changes to the disk:
[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sdd: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0xdea82083 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 2048 41943039 20970496 8e Linux LVM-
Review the current list of Physical Volumes (PV):
[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ sudo pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdc VG Name dpx PV Size 100.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 25599 Free PE 3839 Allocated PE 21760 PV UUID fTJW1j-uUzG-21S2-h44A-7J5f-zJTf-1zfP8U --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name centos PV Size <49.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 12543 Free PE 1535 Allocated PE 11008 PV UUID J3Y03i-IFBK-5ror-0w0H-g9fq-y9md-7S7dnL -
Create a new Physical Volume (PV):
[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ sudo pvcreate /dev/sdd1 Physical volume "/dev/sdd1" successfully created. You can now see the new PV created from /dev/sdd1.
Review the Volume Group (VG).
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Add the new Physical Volume (PV) to the Volume Group (VG) to increase its space:
[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ sudo vgextend dpx /dev/sdd1 Volume group "dpx" successfully extended You can see that after the Volume Group (VG) dpx is extended, there is free space available for logical volumes (or /catalogic volume) to use.
[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ sudo vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name dpx System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 3 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 119.99 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 30718 Alloc PE / Size 21760 / 85.00 GiB Free PE / Size 8958 / 34.99 GiB VG UUID oKpInM-aG1w-rr8b-HyeA-cXMz-hUfQ-o2FDdh-
Review the Logical Volume (DPXLV) /catalogic.
[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ sudo lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/dpx/dpxlv LV Name dpxlv VG Name dpx LV UUID LOiZ9s-srPo-f9rD-74Xo-stj7-M23U-X9Bbv4 LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2019-08-19 21:48:22 +0000 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 85.00 GiB Current LE 21760 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 8192 Block device 253:2The
/catalogicmount point currently has a total size of 84GB[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on ... devtmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev ... /dev/sda1 976M 112M 798M 13% /boot /dev/mapper/dpx-dpxlv 84G 1.6G 78G 2% /catalogic vpool1 97G 128K 97G 1% /vstor/vpool1 ... tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /run/user/0 -
Add space to the Logical Volume (LV) /dpx-dpxlv
Use the
lvextendcommand by adding the additional space to the total volume capacity. Be sure to reduce the amount of space added by 1GB.In this example we are adding 20GB of space to the volume. First we reduce the amount of space we are adding by 1GB, then we add it to the overall volume capacity, it should read 103GB:
[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ sudo lvextend -L 103G -r /dev/dpx/dpxlv Size of logical volume dpx/dpxlv changed from 85.00 GiB (21760 extents) to 103 ↪.00 GiB (26368 extents). Logical volume dpx/dpxlv successfully resized. resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Filesystem at /dev/mapper/dpx-dpxlv is mounted on /catalogic; on-line resizing r ↪equired old_desc_blocks = 11, new_desc_blocks = 13 The filesystem on /dev/mapper/dpx-dpxlv is now 27000832 blocks long. After running the above, the size of the /catalogic volume will display as the newly expanded size.
[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ sudo lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/dpx/dpxlv LV Name dpxlv VG Name dpx LV UUID LOiZ9s-srPo-f9rD-74Xo-stj7-M23U-X9Bbv4 LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2019-08-19 21:48:22 +0000 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 103.00 GiB Current LE 26368 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 8192 Block device 253:2[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on ... devtmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev ... /dev/sda1 976M 112M 798M 13% /boot /dev/mapper/dpx-dpxlv 102G 1.6G 95G 2% /catalogic ... tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /run/user/0
[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ sudo pvdisplay
"/dev/sdd1" is a new physical volume of "<20.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdd1
VG Name
PV Size <20.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID lqEJfa-M4rT-gK5g-X21n-jzEL-Oin0-QnVLLc[dpxadmin@dpx455 ~]$ sudo vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name dpx
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 2
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <100.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 25599
Alloc PE / Size 21760 / 85.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 3839 / <15.00 GiB
VG UUID oKpInM-aG1w-rr8b-HyeA-cXMz-hUfQ-o2FDdh
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <49.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 12543
Alloc PE / Size 11008 / 43.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 1535 / <6.00 GiB
VG UUID OmBgrS-7YQa-xxmC-5c0u-xZNB-K9Sv-7YQFCK